########################### 11.0.3 Cloud vs On-Premises ########################### ================================ The Big Decision: Build or Rent? ================================ Think about transportation: **On-Premises = Owning a Car** - You buy it ($30,000+) - You maintain it (oil changes, repairs) - You insure it - It sits in your garage when not used - You control everything - When it breaks, you're stuck! **Cloud = Using Uber/Taxi** - Pay only when you need a ride - No maintenance worries - Always available - Different car for different needs - Don't need parking - If one breaks, another comes! ==================== Detailed Comparison ==================== .. code-block:: text ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ ON-PREMISES vs CLOUD │ ├────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────┤ │ On-Premises (Your │ Cloud (Provider's Servers) │ │ Own Servers) │ │ └────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────────────┘ **Cost Structure** ================================ ======================================== On-Premises Cloud ================================ ======================================== High upfront cost No upfront cost ($50,000-$500,000 for servers) (Start for free!) Fixed monthly costs Variable monthly costs Pay whether you use it or not Pay only for what you use ================================ ======================================== **Example:** Want to start a website? .. code-block:: text On-Premises: - Buy server: $5,000 - Networking: $2,000 - Setup: $3,000 - Power/Cooling: $200/month - IT person: $8,000/month ──────────────────────── Total Year 1: $110,400 Cloud: - Small server: $50/month - Storage: $50/month - Network: $10/month - Maintenance: $0 (included!) ──────────────────────── Total Year 1: $1320 **Time to Deploy** ================================ ======================================== On-Premises Cloud ================================ ======================================== Order servers: 2-4 weeks Click button: 30 seconds Delivery: 1-2 weeks Already available! Setup: 1-2 weeks Automatic Testing: 1 week Ready to use **Total: 1-2 months** **Total: Less than 1 minute** ================================ ======================================== **Container Deployment Comparison** .. code-block:: text On-Premises Container Setup: ┌────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ Week 1: Order hardware │ │ Week 2-3: Hardware delivery & setup │ │ Week 4: Install OS and Docker │ │ Week 5: Set up Kubernetes cluster │ │ Week 6: Configure networking │ │ Week 7: Set up monitoring │ │ Week 8: Security hardening │ │ Week 9: Finally deploy your app! │ └────────────────────────────────────────┘ Cloud Container Setup: ┌────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ Minute 1: Create EKS/AKS/GKE cluster │ │ Minute 2: kubectl apply -f app.yaml │ │ Minute 3: Your app is running! │ └────────────────────────────────────────┘ **Maintenance & Updates** ================================ ======================================== On-Premises Cloud ================================ ======================================== You do everything Provider does infrastructure Hardware failures = Your problem Provider replaces hardware Security patches = Your job Automatic security updates Software updates = Your time Managed by provider Night/weekend emergencies = You! 24/7 support team ================================ ======================================== **Geographic Reach** ================================ ======================================== On-Premises Cloud ================================ ======================================== One location (your office) Global locations available Want another city? Build new Want another city? Click button datacenter and select region Cost: $$$$$ Cost: Same price! Time: 6-12 months Time: Seconds ================================ ======================================== **Scalability** ================================ ======================================== On-Premises Cloud ================================ ======================================== Need more power? Need more power? → Buy more servers → Slide a scale up → Wait for delivery → Get it instantly → Install and configure → Automatic → Weeks/months → Seconds ================================ ======================================== **Real-World Story:** .. code-block:: text Gaming Company Example: OLD WAY (On-Premises): - New game launches - Everyone wants to play! - Servers crash - Players angry - Can't add servers fast enough - Lost players = Lost money NEW WAY (Cloud): - New game launches - Set auto-scaling: "Add servers when load > 80%" - System automatically adds 50 more servers - Everyone happy! - Game finishes trending? - Scales back down automatically - Only paid for extra servers during peak! ============================== Kubernetes-Specific Comparison ============================== **On-Premises Kubernetes:** .. code-block:: yaml # What YOU have to manage cluster-setup: master-nodes: "Install and configure" worker-nodes: "Install and configure" networking: "Set up CNI (Calico, Flannel)" storage: "Configure persistent volumes" load-balancer: "Install and configure (HAProxy, nginx)" monitoring: "Set up Prometheus + Grafana" logging: "Set up ELK stack" backup: "Configure etcd backups" updates: "Manually update Kubernetes" security: "Configure RBAC, network policies" **Cloud Managed Kubernetes:** .. code-block:: yaml # What the CLOUD PROVIDER manages for you cluster-setup: master-nodes: "Fully managed by provider" worker-nodes: "Auto-scaling node groups" networking: "Pre-configured with cloud networking" storage: "Integrated with cloud storage" load-balancer: "Cloud load balancer integration" monitoring: "Built-in cloud monitoring" logging: "Integrated cloud logging" backup: "Automatic backups" updates: "Automatic Kubernetes updates" security: "Cloud IAM integration" **Your GitHub Actions Pipeline Stays the Same!** .. code-block:: yaml # This workflow works with both on-premises and cloud Kubernetes name: Deploy to Kubernetes jobs: deploy: steps: - name: Build Docker image run: docker build -t myapp:${{ github.sha }} . - name: Push to registry run: | # On-premises: docker push private-registry.company.com/myapp:${{ github.sha }} # Cloud: docker push gcr.io/project/myapp:${{ github.sha }} - name: Deploy to Kubernetes run: | kubectl set image deployment/myapp myapp=myapp:${{ github.sha }} kubectl rollout status deployment/myapp ==================== Responsibility Model ==================== .. code-block:: text YOUR RESPONSIBILITY LEVELS: On-Premises (You manage everything): ┌─────────────────────────┐ │ Your Application │ ← You ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Runtime & Framework │ ← You ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Operating System │ ← You ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Virtual Machine │ ← You ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Physical Servers │ ← You ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Networking │ ← You ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Storage │ ← You ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Data Center Building │ ← You └─────────────────────────┘ Cloud (Shared responsibility): ┌─────────────────────────┐ │ Your Application │ ← You ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Runtime & Framework │ ← You ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Operating System │ ← Provider ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Virtual Machine │ ← Provider ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Physical Servers │ ← Provider ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Networking │ ← Provider ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Storage │ ← Provider ├─────────────────────────┤ │ Data Center Building │ ← Provider └─────────────────────────┘ You focus on your app! Provider handles infrastructure! ================= When to Use Each? ================= **Use On-Premises when:** .. code-block:: text VERY strict data regulations (some government/financial) Already invested millions in infrastructure Unique hardware requirements (specialized chips) Existing staff and expertise Internet connectivity is unreliable Predictable, steady workloads Complete control required **Use Cloud when:** .. code-block:: text Starting something new (startup, new project) Want to launch quickly Usage varies (peaks and valleys) Want global reach Don't want to manage infrastructure Want to try new technologies easily Focus on application development Need automatic scaling ================================= Migration Strategy: The Smart Way ================================= **Don't Move Everything at Once!** .. code-block:: text Phase 1: Start Small (Lift and Shift) ┌────────────────────────────────────┐ │ Move: Development/Test environments│ │ Keep: Production on-premises │ │ Learn: Cloud basics safely │ │ Risk: Low │ └────────────────────────────────────┘ Phase 2: Cloud-Native (Re-platform) ┌────────────────────────────────────┐ │ Move: New applications to cloud │ │ Use: Managed databases, Kubernetes │ │ Keep: Critical legacy systems │ │ Risk: Medium │ └────────────────────────────────────┘ Phase 3: Full Cloud (Modernize) ┌────────────────────────────────────┐ │ Move: All suitable workloads │ │ Use: Serverless, AI/ML services │ │ Keep: Only compliance-required │ │ Risk: Managed │ └────────────────────────────────────┘ **Container-First Migration Strategy:** .. code-block:: text Step 1: Containerize Applications Locally - Package apps in Docker containers - Test with docker-compose - Validate functionality Step 2: Deploy to Local Kubernetes - Use minikube or k3s - Learn Kubernetes basics - Create deployment manifests Step 3: Move to Cloud Kubernetes - Same YAML manifests work! - Just change image registry - Configure cloud-specific features ============================ Cost Optimization Strategies ============================ **Smart Cloud Cost Management:** .. code-block:: text Development Environment: ┌─────────────────────────────────┐ │ Auto-shutdown at night │ │ Weekend shutdown │ │ Use spot/preemptible instances │ │ Monitor and set budget alerts │ └─────────────────────────────────┘ Production Environment: ┌─────────────────────────────────┐ │ Auto-scaling based on metrics │ │ Use appropriate storage tiers │ │ Choose optimal regions │ │ Right-size your containers │ └─────────────────────────────────┘ **GitHub Actions Cost Optimization:** .. code-block:: yaml # Optimize CI/CD costs name: Cost-Efficient Pipeline jobs: build: runs-on: ubuntu-latest # Free for public repos if: github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' steps: - name: Build only on main branch run: docker build -t myapp . - name: Deploy only during business hours if: | github.event_name == 'push' && contains(fromJSON('["main", "production"]'), github.ref_name) && contains(fromJSON('[1,2,3,4,5]'), fromJSON(format('{0}', github.event.head_commit.timestamp))) run: kubectl apply -f k8s/ .. note:: **Most modern companies use cloud!** Even if they have some on-premises infrastructure, they're moving to cloud for new projects. The trend is clear: Cloud is the future! **Your containerization skills make you cloud-ready!** .. warning:: **Important:** Moving to cloud doesn't automatically save money! - Monitor your spending actively - Use cost management tools - Set up budget alerts - Regularly review and optimize - Turn off unused resources Think of it like leaving lights on: - Leave resources on 24/7 = High cloud bill - Turn off when not needed = Low cloud bill Same principle applies!